Binder



RR-VERNON.

- 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

BINDER.

No. 506,021. "Pat ented Oct. 3, 1893.

(No Model.)

28helats-She'et 2. R. R. VERNON. BINDER Patented Oct. 3,1893.

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Be it known that I, RICHARD NITED STATES PATENT OFF CE.

RICHARD R. VERNON, OF WOODBRIDGE, NEW JERSEY.

BINDER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 506,021, dated October 3, 1893.

Application filed July 15, 1893.

v R. VnRNoN,a citizen of the United States, residing at Woodbridge, in the county of Middlesex and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvementinflfiinders, of which the following is a specification My present invention is designed as an 1mprovement upon the devices set forth in Letters Patent granted to me May 30, 1893, No. 498,414, and 'June 20, 1893, No. 499,899, for improvements in binders, and the object of my invention is not only to provide a quick and efficient way of removing the sheets from the frames or securing them therein, but to provide for a yielding action of the frames or binding mechanism when a closed book such as a letter copying book is put in a copying press and subjected to a heavy pressure.

My present invention relates to such temporary binders as are adapted to receive removable, loose or bound sheets or leaves of paper, especially for use in letter, way bill and other press copying books, note and other books of various kinds, &c., and I employ therein three or more parallel tubes or rods and frames that connect together the said tubes or rods at their respective ends. One or more rods or tubes are adapted to be connected to the leaves or sheets at the back, and the endframes are made with rigid side portions or legs adapted to pass at each side of the back, and I prefer toemploy outside tubes in which these legs are received or telescope. These end frames are preferably each made of spring wire with a central bend or eye that is' somewhat flattened, the legs being bent at right angles to the eye and adapted to enter the outside tubes and telescope therewith. The rod or tube adapted to be connected to the fold of the sheets or leaves atthe back has an eye at one end through which passes the eye of one end frame and the other end of said rod or tube is made with a small right angled 'end or hook adapted to passthrough the eye of the other endframe and engage therewith. This rod or tube is readily and quickly removed-from engagement with the end frames for the removal of the sheets or leaves and the insertion of ad- Serial No.480,590. (No model.)

ditional sheets or leaves. The eyes of the end frames being made of spring wire, will yield and open when the closed copying book is put in a press and is subjected to powerful pressure, the action of which is to compress the book and the devices that hold the leaves or sheets in place, and said eyes will close or contract when the pressure is relieved, and where no yielding can take place the end frames are liable to become broken.-

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a fragmental plan view of the top and bottom portions of the book back. Figs. 2 and 3 are edge views at the respective ends or top and bottom portions of the book. Figs. 4and 5 are side elevations of the respective end frames and ends of the rod or tube that passes within the fold of the sheets or leaves. Fig. 6 is a fragmental rear view of vthe top and bottom portions of a book back, illustrating a modification.

Fig. 7 is an edge view at one end of the-covof the sheets or leaves between them. The

tube or rod A is adapted to pass over the leaves or sheets 13 within the fold at the back and to be connected to the end frames. The leaves or sheets B are placed upon the open covers 0, and the tube or rod A is placed in the middle within the fold of said leaves or sheets and centrally opposite the back D of the covers, and this tube or rod A is to be of greater length than the width of the leaves or sheets and of approximately the length of the cover. The tube or rod A is connected to the end frames h 72.. These frames are adapted to hold the rod or tube A and to pass at each side of and outside the fold of the leaves or sheets in securing the leaves or sheets in place, and whena permanent cover 0 is employed, the tubes 9 g for receiving the frames are connected thereto. I have shown in the drawings and prefer to make these tubes 9 g with plates c which are secured by rivets 2 to the covers 0, the tubes and plates by preference extending along the entire back edges of the covers, and the cloth cl or other material employed as a surface to the inner face of the said covers extends over the plates 0 0 up to the said tubes. The end frames h h are preferably alike and each made of spring steel wire with a central bend or eye 3 that is somewhat flattened and with parallel legs 4 bent at right angles to the eye portion 3, and these legs 4 are adapted to enter the tubes gg'and to slide or telescope therewith. These legs 4 should fit in said tubes so that there is sufiicient friction to prevent them falling out accidentally, and the said tubes g 9 form hinge pieces with the end frames to allow movement and flexibility to the parts. The rod or tube A that is adapted to pass within the fold of the sheets or leaves B at the back is made with an eye 6 at one end and a hook-shaped bend f at the other end. The eye 6 receives or interlocks with the eye 3 of the end frame h and is presumed to be permanently connected therewith, and the eye 3 of the end frame It is adapted to receive the hook-shaped bend f in holding the sheets or leaves within the covers 0. The sheets or leaves can thus be readily held in the frame and covers (3 are removed there from and new ones inserted by disconnecting the hook-shaped end f. from the eye of the end frame h and swinging it aside and then re-connecting said parts with the rod or tube A in the center of the fold of the sheets or leaves.

The most convenient and expeditious manner of thus disconnecting the parts is with the left hand to grasp the end frame it and eye 6 and With the right hand to grasp the hook-shaped end f. The eye e and end f are now turned down into a horizontal position that is parallel with the open leaves of the book and the end f is then brought central with the opening of the eye ofthe end frame It. The end frame it and rod A are now together given a slight endwise movement which serves to withdraw the end f from engagement with the end frame It and frees the rod A so that it can be swung over out of the Way and the leaves or sheets removed and others inserted in their place.

The eye 6 of the rod A is received slightly,

within the fold of the sheets or leaves so that when the book is shut the eye e fiatwise is parallel with the book leaves and cover, and when the book is opened out fiat the eye 2 is vertical, and when the book is opened from the closed position the eye follows the parallelism of the leaves as they are successively turned over. In all these conditons it will be seen that the hook-shaped end f is maintained in engagement with its eye and cannot accidentally become loose.

In the modification shown in Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive, the construction of the covers 0, back D, end frames h h with eyes 3 and legs 4, the tubes g g, the plates 0 c and the rod A with eye 6 and bend f are identically the same as in Figs. 1 to5 inclusive,and the folded leaves or sheets B are also the same.

The modification consists in reversing the frames h It so that their eyes 3 point to the back D and bending the end members 5, connecting the eye with the legs out of a straight line and also in two pieces of fabric 2' 2' that are sewed together at the lines of sewing 10 to form a pocket 9 and fastened along and around the folded back edge of the leaves 01' sheets to their stiff paper cover 12. This pocket 9 is to receive the rod A along the folded back edge of said sheets or leaves at the center, and the rod A after being passed through said pocket is secured to the eyes 3 of the end frames h h as heretofore described. The modified construction of end frames permits the folded back of the leaves to come between the outer frames as usual, see Fig. 8. This construction is especially applicable to note and other memorandum books where the covers and back are adapted to receive and temporarily hold groups of sheets or leaves.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination in a binder, of the end frames and connecting devices therefor and adapted to receive the sheets or leaves, and a movable rod or tube adapted to pass within the fold of the leaves or sheets at the back, and having an eye at one end and a hook-shaped portion at the other end to engage the respective end frames, substantially as setforth.

2. The combination in a binder with the covers and back, of tubes permanently connected to the back edges of the covers, end frames made of spring wire adapted to yield under pressure and having parallel legs adapted to enter and telescope in the said tubes, and a movable rod or tube adapted to pass Within the fold of the leaves or sheets at the back and having an eye at one end and a hook-shaped portion at the other end to engage the respective end frames, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination in a binder with the covers and back, of tubes permanently connected to the back edges of the covers, end frames made of spring wire with eyes or bends capable of yielding under pressure and having parallel legs adapted to enter and slide or telescope in the said tubes, and a movable rod adapted to pass within the fold of the leaves or sheets at the back and having an eye at one end engaged or interlocked with the eye of one end frame and a hookshaped bend at the other end to engage the eye of the other end frame, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination in a binder with the covers and back, of tubes permanently connected to the back edges of the covers, end frames made of spring wire with eyes or bends and having parallel legs adapted to enter and slide or telescope in the said tubes, and amov- Signed by me this 30th day of June, A. D. able rod adapted to engage or be connected 1893. to the leaves or sheets at the back and having an eye at one end engaged or interlocked RICHARD VERNON 5 with the eye of one end frame, and a hook- Witnesses:

shaped bend at the other end to engage the GEO. T. PINOKNEY,

eye of the other end frame, substantially as HAROLD SERRELL,

' -and for the purposes set forth. A. M. OLIVER. 

